MOA & Major Adverse Effects of Some Drugs

1.Grey Baby Syndrome- Chloramphenicol
2.Pin Point Pupil-Morphine
3Reyes Syndrome- Asprin
4.Urine Coloration- Rifampcin
5.Frontal Headache- Indomethacin
6.Captopril-Persistant dry cough
7.Bleomycin-Pulmonary fibrosis
8.Vancomycin- Red man syndrome
9.Nicotinic acid- Flush
10.Steven Johnsons syndrome- Allopurinol

sulphonamides-kernicterus
aminoglycosides-ototoxicity
discolouration of teeth-tetracyclines

doxorubucin & duanorubucin- cardiomyopathy.
chloroquine- cardiotixicity
doxycycline- esophageal ulceration
vincristin & vinblastin- neuropathy
cyclophosphamide- alopecia
cimetidine & spironolactone- gynaecomastia

effects of drugs during pregnancy on foetus
antiepileptics-neuraltube defect
warfarin-cleft palate
thalidomide-phocomalia
alcohol-cranial bone formation impairment

ANTIDOTES

benzodiazepine-flumazenil
paracetamol-N-acetylcysteine
Morphine-naloxone
nitrites-methylene blue
organophosphurus compd.-DAM,PAM,Atropine
Atropine-Physostigmine
lead-BAL
cyanide-edetate+amyl nitrite

MOA of some common drugs

1.Nalidixic Acid-Prevent DNA sysnthesis
2.Dapsone-Folic acid sysntheses inhibitor
3.Vinca alkaloid-Mitotic Spindle formation prevention
4.anthracycline-Intercalation of DNA
5.Methotraxate- Folic acid reductase inhibitor.
6.Warfarin-Vit k antagonist
7.Zidovudine- Inhibits the enzyme reverse tranascriptase ,preventing DNA replication
8.Metronidazole- disruption of helical structure of DNA
9.Tetracycline- Inhibits Protein smyntheses by acting on 30 S unit of ribosome
10.Erythromycin- Inhibits Protein smyntheses by acting on 50 S unit of ribosome
11.Chloroquine- Binds and alters properties of microbial and fungal DNA
12.Diazepam- GABA facilitator
13.Acetazolamide- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
14.Allopurinol- Xanthine oxidase inhibitor,inhibitor of uric acid
15.Fluconalzole- P450 enzyme 14α-demethylase Inhibitor
16.Salbutamol-Beta 2 receptor agonist
17.Tolnaftate- Inhibit squalene epoxidase which is necessray for ergosteral syns of fungal cell wall
18.Griesofulvin-inhibits fungal cell wall activity
19.Chloramphenicol-Inhibition of Protein syntheses
20.Levodopa- Replenish Brain deleted dopamine